Author:
Marie de France ("Mary of France") was a poet evidently born in France and living in England during the late 12th century. Virtually nothing is known of her early life, though she wrote a form of Anglo-Norman. She also translated some Latin literature and produced an influential version of Aesop's Fables. Marie de France was one of the best Old-French poets of the twelfth century. She identifies herself only as Marie who originated in France. Nothing else definite is known about her.
Summary:
King Arthur distributes presents, lands, and wives to his barons but neglects to reward the loyal Lanval; Lanval is depressed and in financial straits; lost in thought he goes off to the countryside and reaches a stream where he meets two lovely ladies who lead him to their mistress who is beautiful and rich; Lanval becomes her lover; she requires however that he keep their relationship secret or lose her forever; from then on Lanval is able to meet his lover whenever he wants and lives in luxury; Queen Guinevere makes a pass at Lanval who rejects her; angry, she accuses him of homosexuality.
Lanval defends himself by boasting about the extreme beauty of his lover and points out that even her servants are more beautiful than the queen; even angrier, the queen tells the king that Lanval tried to seduce her and insulted her; the king demands that be put on trial; distressed, Lanval call his lover but she doesn't come; Lanval is brought to court; the barons are divided as to what to do; then it is agreed that Lanval must prove the truth of his boasts.
Suddently two girls, attendants of Lanval's lover and more beautiful than anyone had ever seen, appear and request that preparations be made for the arrival of their mistress; two more and also very beautiful ladies arrive and also request preparations for the arrival of their mistress; Lanval's lady finally arrives to the awe of all those present who must admit she is the most beautiful woman in the world; the lady announces she has been the lover of Lanval and that the queen lied, and requests that he be acquitted; Lanval is set free and he leaves with the lady for the island of Avalon and is never heard from again
Respose:
這首詩是取自Marie de France的Lais, 原文是法文
每行八音節,採英雄雙韻體(heroic couplet)
不同於總是英雄救美女的傳統
Lanval在故事中就不是個厲害的角色
先是被King Arthur遺忘並落魄地去鄉野間求生存
不過也在此時
遇見了他的愛人 美麗又富有
Lanval接受了愛人的幫助
過著奢華的日子
他們的愛是秘密或許也是成功的關鍵
也為日後Lanval的辯白留下伏筆
這首詩顛覆了傳統
即男人掌握了一切
從King Arthur 本該是形象威武的
但故事中不但被仙后所救最後還騎著驢子跟隨著仙后
到Lanval需要靠他愛人的幫助
才能生活之後也才免於牢罪之災
這說明女人也可以自主
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